What it means
A head and shoulders is three peaks: a left shoulder, a higher head, and a lower right shoulder, with a neckline drawn through the two lows between them. A close below the neckline completes the pattern.
The inverse head and shoulders is the mirror image at a bottom.
Why traders use it
The right shoulder failing to make a new high is a lower high; the neckline break is a lower low. In structural terms the pattern is a change of character drawn as a shape.
Chart examples
Head and shoulders top
Inverse head and shoulders
How to identify it objectively
- 1Three peaks with the middle one highest.
- 2Neckline through the two troughs (it may slope).
- 3Completion only on a candle close beyond the neckline.
- 4Target = head-to-neckline height projected from the break.
Bullish use
- 1Inverse pattern after a decline.
- 2Close above the neckline completes it.
- 3Target: neckline + height; stop below the right shoulder.
Bearish use
- 1Pattern after a rally.
- 2Close below the neckline completes it.
- 3Target: neckline − height; stop above the right shoulder.
What confirms it
- A neckline close.
- Weaker momentum on the right shoulder.
- A retest of the neckline from the other side.
What invalidates it
- Price closes back above the neckline after the break (bearish case).
- Right shoulder exceeds the head.
How a hypothetical setup is built
Entry
On the neckline close or its retest.
Stop
Beyond the right shoulder.
Target
The measured height from the neckline.
A hypothetical illustration of how the concept is turned into a plan, not a recommendation. Practise it on a paper account first.
Related concepts
- Chart PatternsDouble Top and Double Bottom
- Chart PatternsMeasured Move
- Chart PatternsBreakout and Retest
Historical testing
Not tested on The Tradeskill. Pattern detection needs a swing rule; record how many patterns never reached the neckline at all.
Limitations: when it fails
- Many "patterns" are seen only after the fact.
- Necklines can be drawn several ways.
- Measured targets are approximations.
Knowledge check
Pick an answer to see the explanation. Nothing is saved.