What it means
Most of Elliott Wave is guidelines, but three rules are strict for an impulse: wave 2 never retraces more than 100% of wave 1; wave 3 is never the shortest of waves 1, 3 and 5; and wave 4 never enters the price territory of wave 1.
If a rule is broken, the count is wrong and must be changed.
Why traders use it
The rules are the most practical part of the theory because they turn a subjective count into a clear "I am wrong here" level, which is exactly what a stop needs.
Chart examples
A valid impulse and its rule levels
Wave 4 overlaps wave 1: count invalid
How to identify it objectively
- 1Rule 1: mark the start of wave 1; wave 2 must stay above it (in an uptrend).
- 2Rule 2: measure waves 1, 3 and 5; wave 3 must not be the shortest.
- 3Rule 3: mark the top of wave 1; wave 4 must stay above it.
- 4Treat each rule level as an invalidation price for the count.
Bullish use
- 1A long based on a wave 3 count uses the start of wave 1 as the invalidation.
- 2A long based on a wave 5 count uses the top of wave 1 (rule 3) as the invalidation.
Bearish use
- 1In a downtrend the same rules apply upside down.
- 2A break of a rule level is a reason to drop the count, not to "adjust" it to fit.
What confirms it
- All three rules hold on closing prices.
- The same count works on the timeframe above.
What invalidates it
- Any rule broken.
- A count that is changed repeatedly to avoid a broken rule.
How a hypothetical setup is built
Entry
Long during wave 4 only if price holds above the top of wave 1.
Stop
Below the top of wave 1: if wave 4 overlaps it, the impulse count is invalid.
Target
A new high in wave 5.
A hypothetical illustration of how the concept is turned into a plan, not a recommendation. Practise it on a paper account first.
Related concepts
- Elliott Wave TheoryElliott Wave Impulse (1–5)
- Market StructureSwing Highs and Swing Lows
- Market StructureChange of Character (CHoCH)
Historical testing
Not tested on The Tradeskill. The rules are definitions, not signals; they are useful mainly for placing stops.
Limitations: when it fails
- Diagonal patterns are an accepted exception where wave 4 may overlap wave 1, which weakens rule 3 in practice.
- Wicks versus closes must be decided in advance.
- The rules tell you when a count is wrong, not when it is right.
Knowledge check
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